Frequency-dependent absolute ITD error under a 30° yaw rotation and a 0.03 m lateral translation, for two loudspeaker topologies (180° and 30° spans) and two representative cue targets: [0 μs, 0 dB] (top row) and [430 μs, 5 dB] (bottom row). Lines denote the deviation of the measured ITD from the corresponding target at each frequency bin. Legend values indicate averages over 200–1400 Hz.