Recognition of foreign-accented vocoded speech by native English listeners

Open Access

Table 2

Summary of post-hoc pairwise comparisons for the significant two-way interaction effects generated from the GLMM (HP: high predictability; LP: low predictability; UnP: unprocessed; NV: noise-vocoded; M: male; F: female).

Interaction		Pairwise contrast	Contrast estimate	Std. error	t	df	Adj. Sig.	95% CI
Interaction		Pairwise contrast	Contrast estimate	Std. error	t	df	Adj. Sig.	Lower	Upper
Accent × Semantic	Mild	HP – LP	0.246	0.015	16.649	305	<0.0001	0.217	0.275
	Moderate	HP – LP	0.322	0.017	18.662	305	<0.0001	0.288	0.356
	HP	Mild – Moderate	0.214	0.015	13.823	305	<0.0001	0.183	0.244
	LP	Mild – Moderate	0.290	0.017	17.424	305	<0.0001	0.257	0.322
Condition × Semantic	UnP	HP – LP	0.226	0.013	17.167	305	<0.0001	0.200	0.252
	NV	HP – LP	0.283	0.016	17.308	305	<0.0001	0.251	0.315
	HP	UnP – NV	0.323	0.015	22.100	305	<0.0001	0.294	0.352
	LP	UnP – NV	0.380	0.016	24.506	305	<0.0001	0.350	0.411
Sex × Accent	M	Mild – Moderate	0.230	0.018	12.484	305	<0.0001	0.194	0.266
	F	Mild – Moderate	0.321	0.017	19.126	305	<0.0001	0.288	0.354
	Mild	M – F	−0.089	0.015	−6.010	305	<0.001	−0.118	−0.060
	Moderate	M – F	0.002	0.019	0.116	305	0.908	−0.035	0.040
Condition × Sex	UnP	M – F	−0.018	0.013	−1.344	305	0.180	−0.043	0.008
	NV	M – F	−0.120	0.017	−6.878	305	<0.001	−0.154	−0.086
	M	UnP – NV	0.442	0.016	28.082	305	<0.0001	0.411	0.473
	F	UnP – NV	0.340	0.017	20.561	305	<0.0001	0.307	0.372

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