Scatter plots of the single-listener modulation masking data against amounts of masking at the carrier frequency of 64 Hz. The ordinate of the left panel refers to the phase effect, which is the difference in modulation depth at threshold between the two phase relations. The ordinate of the right panel refers to the amount of modulation masking averaged across the two phase relations. The example data of three listeners are highlighted with different symbols and colors: purple right-pointing triangle for L3, cyan diamond for L8, and blue left-pointing triangle for L18. The other data points are shown with gray dots. Superimposed on the scatter plot is a Deming regression line (black solid line; MATLAB implementation by [20]). The dashed line indicates the diagonal.