Table 5

Elastic parameters (in MPa) obtained by FEMU optimisation for the four constants EL, ER, GLR and GRT for the six backs. Reference range from [20] with a lower value for EL$ {E}_L^\mathrm{\prime}$ lower bound to include with some margin both the values measured by the Bilbao team and those estimated with Viala’s laws.

Back E L E R G LR G RT
[MPa] [MPa] [MPa] [MPa]
A 9028 1679 1178 370
B 10954 1616 1228 386
C 10895 1576 1212 354
D 10192 1491 1179 362
E 10585 1466 1121 354
F 10279 1424 1215 449
Mean 10322 1542 1188 379
Standard deviation 644 89 35 33
Coefficients of variations 6.2% 5.7% 2.9% 8.7%
Reference range 9000–18200 1380–2310 720–1600 280–470

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