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Table 7.

GLMMs for Annoyance, Arousal, and Valence (Beta Distribution with Random Slopes). For each model, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value, the marginal coefficient of determination (Rm 2), the conditional coefficient of determination (Rc 2), and regression estimates are reported. ICC refers to the Adjusted Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. VIF refers to Variance Inflation Factor.

Response AIC Rm 2 Rc 2 ICC Fixed effect Estimate Std. error z value VIF
Annoyance −6196.3 0.161 0.934 0.921 (Intercept) −0.704 0.150 −4.696* * *
Loudness 0.325 0.045 7.290* * * 1.22
Tonality 0.113 0.013 8.610* * * 1.15
Roughness 0.122 0.020 5.986* * * 1.32
Arousal −5922.3 0.157 0.831 0.799 (Intercept) −0.487 0.087 −5.613* * *
Loudness 0.198 0.031 6.393* * * 1.93
Tonality 0.062 0.009 6.745* * * 1.33
Roughness 0.086 0.015 5.936* * * 2.07
Valence −5288.4 0.157 0.922 0.907 (Intercept) 0.342 0.104 3.299* * *
Loudness −0.211 0.047 −4.521* * * 2.62
Tonality −0.079 0.011 −7.318* * * 1.48
Roughness −0.114 0.017 −6.821* * * 2.86

Notes. ** p <  0.01, *** p <  0.001.

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