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Figure 7

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3D and 2D Directivity Patterns Simulated with ring radii of 7 cm, 13.5 cm, 27 cm, and 40.5 cm (top) and ring radii of 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, and 40 cm (bottom): back-baffle was enabled, and propagation speed was set to 343 m/s (air). Uneven spacing reduces sidelobes while preserving central lobe amplitude. The central lobe level stays constant around 20 dBi.

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